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Does Prevention Save Money?If one only scanned the table of contents of the Jan/Feb 09 issue and saw Ron Goetzels title, "Do Prevention or Treatment Save Money? The Wrong Debate," and Louise Russells title, "Preventing Chronic Disease: An Important Investment, but Dont Count on Cost Savings," one might conclude that providing preventive services necessarily increases the cost of health care. Within these two papers, however, lies the evidence for a disease prevention strategy that can both improve health and reduce the need for health services. If one focuses on interventions that preserve health (for example, immunizations and lifestyle interventions) rather than those that are intended to interrupt the progression of disease (for example, screening for disease), a set of efficacious preventive interventions that reduce the net cost of health care can be identified. Michael Maciosek and colleagues have identified three efficacious preventive services that reduce costs (aspirin, pediatric immunization, and screening for tobacco),1 and a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) expert panel has concluded that properly conducted worksite health promotion programs also result in a positive return on investment.2 Worksite programs that address four lifestyle choices (poor nutrition, inadequate physical activity, using tobacco, and hazardous drinking) have great potential to halt the increase of chronic disease prevalence among middle-aged Americans. It would be an unfortunate loss of opportunity if the only health reform strategy that has the potential to both reduce the burden of chronic disease and reduce health care costs were overlooked because the casual scanner of journal titles reaches the wrong conclusion.
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